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--- start:hype_model_description:aquifier [2015/01/23 16:53]
cpers [Links to relevant procedures in the code]
+++ start:hype_model_description:aquifier [2021/04/08 16:53]
cpers [Soil addition of regional groundwater flow]
@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 There are two model options for processes deep below ground; regional groundwater flow and aquifers. The regional groundwater flow model simulates groundwater flow between subbasins, but no explicit storage of deep groundwater. The aquifer model simulates aquifer storage and delay before regional groundwater reaches the destination.
 ===== Regional groundwater flow =====
@@ Line 14: / Line 15: @@
 ==== Soil addition of regional groundwater flow ====
-The groundwater flow to be added to the bottom layer (and mixed) is added in the class loop portion of the code. If the layer then becomes full of water, it will be pressed into the layer above and mixed, etc. Please note that if downstream subbasin is much smaller than the upstream subbasin, groundwater inflows can become large. If part of the groundwater flow is to go to the outlet lake in the subbasin this is added to the volume of the lake in the routing part of the code.
+The groundwater flow to be added to the bottom layer (and mixed) is added in the class loop portion of the code. If the layer then becomes full of water, it will be pressed into the layer above and mixed, etc. Please note that if downstream subbasin is much smaller than the upstream subbasin, groundwater inflows can become large.
 ==== Regional groundwater to outlet lake ====
-With an input variable in GeoData.txt, an outlet lake may be flagged to receive inflow from the regional groundwater. The coefficient (grwtolake) specifies the portion of the produced regional groundwater flow which is led to the subbasins outlet lake.
+With an input variable in GeoData.txt, an outlet lake may be flagged to receive inflow from the regional groundwater. The coefficient (//grwtolake//) specifies the portion of the produced regional groundwater flow which is led to the subbasins outlet lake.
+==== Links to file reference ====
+^Section ^Symbol ^Parameter/Data ^File ^
+|Soil regional groundwater flow creation| |//grwtolake, grwdown//|[[start:hype_file_reference:geodata.txt|GeoData.txt]]|
+|:::|//rcgrw// |//rcgrw//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]|
+|:::|//wp(k)//|//wcwp, wcwp1, wcwp2, wcwp3//|:::|
+|:::|//fc(k)//|//wcfc, wcfc1, wcfc2, wcfc3//|:::|
 ==== Links to relevant procedures in the code ====
 ^ Modules (file)	^ Procedures ^ Sections ^
-| [[http://hype.sourceforge.net/doxy-html/classregional__groundwater__module.html|regional_groundwater_module (regional_groundwater.f90)]]| calculate_regional_groundwater_flow | soil regional groundwater flow creation |
+| [[http://hype.sourceforge.net/doxy-html/namespaceregional__groundwater__module.html|regional_groundwater_module (regional_groundwater.f90)]]| calculate_regional_groundwater_flow | soil regional groundwater flow creation |
 | ::: | calculate_soillayer_groundwaterflow_removal | soil regional groundwater flow creation |
 | ::: | add_regional_groundwater_flow_to_soil | soil addition of regional groundwater flow |
 | ::: | add_regional_groundwater_flow_to_olake | regional groundwater to outlet lake |
+===== Aquifers =====
+Aquifers are large water bodies covering several subbasins and located below the soillayers simulated by HYPE. They recieve water by percolation from land and river classes, and they return flow to a river. The aquifer is a large water body that can have a passive volume partaking in mixing but not return flow.
+|{{:start:hype_model_description:aquifer2.png?400|}}|
+|Figure 1 Structure of an aquifer.|
-===== Aquifiers =====
 ==== Deep percolation ====
-Deep percolation is determined by a recession coefficient (//rc_grw//). The recession coefficient is set based on the recession parameter (//rcgrwst//) which is soil type dependent, but if it is not set the general parameter (//rcgrw//) is used instead. The recession coefficient can also be regionally adjusted by the correction parameter (//aqpercorr//).
+Deep percolation is determined by a recession coefficient (<m>rc_grw</m>). The recession coefficient is set based on the recession parameter (//rcgrwst//) which is soil type dependent, but if it is not set the general parameter (//rcgrw//) is used instead. The recession coefficient can also be regionally adjusted by the correction parameter (//aqpercorr//).
 <m>rc_{grw} = rcgrw(or rcgrwst)*(1+aqpercorr) </m>
@@ Line 54: / Line 67: @@
 ==== Deep percolation delay and aquifer recharge ====
-Deep percolation from soil and rivers in all recharge subbasins of an aquifer is added together. This total deep percolation (//qperc//) is delayed before it recharges the aquifer (//qrech//).
+Deep percolation from soil and rivers in all recharge subbasins of an aquifer is added together. This total deep percolation (<m>q_{perc}</m>) is delayed before it recharges the aquifer (<m>q_{rech}</m>).
-The delay parameter (//delay//, in days) is specific for each aquifer. It can be adjusted by the regional parameter //aqdelcor//.
+<m> q_{rech}(t) = (1-coeff) * q_{perc}(t) + coeff * q_{rech}(t-1) </m>
+<m> coeff = e ^ {-1/delayts} </m>
+The delay property (//delayts//, in timesteps per day) is specified for each aquifer (//delay// in days). It can be adjusted by the parameter region dependent model parameter //aqdelcor//.
 ==== Return flow from aquifer ====
-Outflow from the aquifer depend on the water in the aquifer (//vol//) and a rate. The rate is determined by a parameter (//retrate//) and a regional adjustement parameter (//aqretcor//).
+Outflow from the aquifer depends on the water in the aquifer (//vol//) (not including passive volume) and a rate. The rate is determined by a aquifer property (//retrate//) and a regional adjustment parameter (//aqretcor//, parameter region dependent).
@@ Line 72: / Line 89: @@
 ==== Nutrient processes related to aquifers ====
-The organic nitrogen, particulate phosphorus, and organic carbon in water percolating from soil and river stay in the soil/river, while temperature, inorganic nitrogen and SRP follow the water to the aquifer. Inorganic nitrogen is subjected to denitrification in the aquifer (see Chapter 3 Denitrification).
+For most models the organic nitrogen, particulate phosphorus, and organic carbon in water percolating from soil and river stay in the soil/river, while temperature, inorganic nitrogen and SRP follow the water to the aquifer. In the case of a model using the simplified soil model based on travel time through soil and half life of pollutants (i.e. using load as input to HYPE) all substances follow the water to the aquifer.
+Inorganic nitrogen is subjected to denitrification in the aquifer (see Chapter [[start:hype_model_description:hype_np_soil#denitrification|Nitrogen and phosphorus in land routines - Denitrification]]). For other substances an exponential decay can be applied in the aquifer. The process is goverened by the model parameter //decay// (e.g. ''ppdecaq''), which denote the half life of the substance in days. The decay will decrease the concentration (//conc//) of the substance in the aquifer.
+<m> conc = conc *  2 ^ {-ts/decay} </m>
+where //ts// is length of time step in days.
+==== Links to file reference ====
+^Section ^Symbol ^Parameter/Data ^File ^
+|Aquifers| |//aquid, subid, parreg//|[[start:hype_file_reference:aquiferdata.txt|AquiferData.txt]]|
+|:::|:::|//basedepth, passivedep, inidepth, porosity, area//|:::|
+|Deep percolation|<m>rc_{grw}</m> calculated from|//rcgrw, rcgrwst, aqpercorr//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]|
+|:::|//wp//|//wcwp, wcwp1, wcwp2, wcwp3//|:::|
+|:::|//fc//|//wcfc, wcfc1, wcfc2, wcfc3//|:::|
+|Deep percolation delay and aquifer recharge| |//recharge//|[[start:hype_file_reference:aquiferdata.txt|AquiferData.txt]]|
+|:::|//delay// |//delay//|:::|
+|:::|//aqdelcorr// |//aqdelcorr//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]|
+|Return flow from aquifer|//retrate, retfrac// |//retrate, retfrac//|[[start:hype_file_reference:aquiferdata.txt|AquiferData.txt]]|
+|:::|//aqretcorr// |//aqretcorr//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]|
+|Nutrient processes related to aquifers| |//topdepth, temp, conc_IN, conc_SP//|[[start:hype_file_reference:aquiferdata.txt|AquiferData.txt]]|
+|:::|:::|//denitaq, hsatINs, wcep, wcfc, wcwp//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]|
+|:::|//decay//|//ondecaq, spdecaq, ppdecaq, ocdecaq, ssdecaq, aedecaq, t1decaq//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]|
 ==== Links to relevant procedures in the code ====
 ^ Modules (file)	^ Procedures ^ Sections ^
-| [[http://hype.sourceforge.net/doxy-html/classregional__groundwater__module.html|regional_groundwater_module (regional_groundwater.f90)]]| calculate_regional_groundwater_flow | deep percolation |
+| [[http://hype.sourceforge.net/doxy-html/namespaceregional__groundwater__module.html|regional_groundwater_module (regional_groundwater.f90)]]| calculate_aquifer |   |
+| ::: | calculate_regional_groundwater_flow | deep percolation |
 | ::: | calculate_soillayer_groundwaterflow_removal | ::: |
 | ::: | calculate_river_groundwaterflow_removal | ::: |
-| ::: | calculate_aquifer_percolation | deep percolation delay and aquifer recharge |
+| ::: | calculate_aquifer_percolation | ::: |
-| ::: | calculate_percolation_delay | ::: |
+| ::: | calculate_percolation_delay | deep percolation delay and aquifer recharge |
 | ::: | calculate_delayed_water | ::: |
 | ::: | calculate_aquifer_outflow | return flow from aquifer |
@@ Line 88: / Line 129: @@
 | ::: | ::: | nutrient processes related to aquifers |
 | ::: | set_percolation_concentration | nutrient processes related to aquifers |
+| [[http://hype.sourceforge.net/doxy-html/namespacenpc__soil__processes.html|npc_soil_processes (npc_soil_proc.f90)]]| soil_denitrification | nutrient processes related to aquifers |
+| [[http://hype.sourceforge.net/doxy-html/namespacegeneral__functions.html|general_functions (general_func.f90)]]| exponential_decay | ::: |

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