start:hype_model_description:aquifier
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start:hype_model_description:aquifier [2020/12/02 15:48] cpers [Nutrient processes related to aquifers] |
start:hype_model_description:aquifier [2024/02/21 10:07] (current) cpers [Deep processes] |
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| ====== Deep processes ====== | ====== Deep processes ====== | ||
| - | There are two model options for processes deep below ground; regional groundwater flow and aquifers. The regional groundwater flow model simulates groundwater flow between subbasins, but no explicit storage of deep groundwater. The aquifer model simulates aquifer storage and delay before regional groundwater reaches the destination. | + | There are two model options for processes deep below ground; regional groundwater flow and aquifers. The regional groundwater flow model simulates groundwater flow between subbasins, but no explicit storage of deep groundwater. The aquifer model simulates aquifer storage and delay before regional groundwater reaches the destination. Another model option related to groundwater flow, although not classified as deep processes by HYPE is the option for recharge and discharge classes within a subbasin ([[start:hype_model_description:hype_land#recharge_-_discharge_model|read more here]]). |
| ===== Regional groundwater flow ===== | ===== Regional groundwater flow ===== | ||
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| ==== Soil addition of regional groundwater flow ==== | ==== Soil addition of regional groundwater flow ==== | ||
| - | The groundwater flow to be added to the bottom layer (and mixed) is added in the class loop portion of the code. If the layer then becomes full of water, it will be pressed into the layer above and mixed, etc. Please note that if downstream subbasin is much smaller than the upstream subbasin, groundwater inflows can become large. If part of the groundwater flow is to go to the outlet lake in the subbasin this is added to the volume of the lake in the routing part of the code. | + | The groundwater flow to be added to the bottom layer (and mixed) is added in the class loop portion of the code. If the layer then becomes full of water, it will be pressed into the layer above and mixed, etc. Please note that if downstream subbasin is much smaller than the upstream subbasin, groundwater inflows can become large. |
| ==== Regional groundwater to outlet lake ==== | ==== Regional groundwater to outlet lake ==== | ||
| - | With an input variable in GeoData.txt, an outlet lake may be flagged to receive inflow from the regional groundwater. The coefficient (//grwtolake//) specifies the portion of the produced regional groundwater flow which is led to the subbasins outlet lake. | + | With an input variable in GeoData.txt, an outlet lake may be flagged to receive inflow from the regional groundwater. The coefficient (//grwtolake//) specifies the portion of the produced regional groundwater flow which is led to the subbasins outlet lake. The part of the groundwater flow that is to go to the outlet lake is added to the lake volume in the routing part of the code. |
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| ^Section ^Symbol ^Parameter/Data ^File ^ | ^Section ^Symbol ^Parameter/Data ^File ^ | ||
| - | |Soil regional groundwater flow creation| |//grwtolake, grwdown//|[[start:hype_file_reference:geodata.txt|GeoData.txt]]| | + | |Soil regional groundwater flow creation| |//grwolake, grwdown//|[[start:hype_file_reference:geodata.txt|GeoData.txt]]| |
| |:::|//rcgrw// |//rcgrw//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]| | |:::|//rcgrw// |//rcgrw//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]| | ||
| |:::|//wp(k)//|//wcwp, wcwp1, wcwp2, wcwp3//|:::| | |:::|//wp(k)//|//wcwp, wcwp1, wcwp2, wcwp3//|:::| | ||
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| ===== Aquifers ===== | ===== Aquifers ===== | ||
| - | Aquifers are large water bodies covering several subbasins and located below the soillayers simulated by HYPE. They recieve water by percolation from land and river classes, and they return flow to a river. The aquifer is a large water body that can have a passive volume partaking in mixing but not return flow. | + | Aquifers are large water bodies covering several subbasins and located below the soillayers simulated by HYPE. They recieve water by percolation from land and river classes, and they return flow to a river (Figure 1). They can also be used as a water source for abstraction. The aquifer is a large water body that can have a passive volume partaking in mixing but not return flow (Figure 2). |
| + | |||
| + | |{{:start:hype_model_description:HYPE_box_picture_v3_aquifer.png?400|}}| | ||
| + | |Figure 1 Water flows of aquifer.| | ||
| |{{:start:hype_model_description:aquifer2.png?400|}}| | |{{:start:hype_model_description:aquifer2.png?400|}}| | ||
| - | |Figure 1 Structure of an aquifer.| | + | |Figure 2 Structure of an aquifer.| |
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| \\ | \\ | ||
| - | The outflow may be divided between several receiving subbasins (//retfrac//). The water is added to the inflow of the main river of these subbasins. | + | The outflow may be divided between several receiving subbasins (//retfrac//). The receiving subbasins may or may not be different from the subbasin recharging the aquifer. The specified fraction of outflow is added to the inflow to the main river of these subbasins. |
| - | The return flow is added to the main river of the receiving subbasin. | + | It is possible to simulate that (part of) the aquifer's outflow leads to outside of the modelled domain (sum of retfrac less than 1). It is possible to simulate addition of water (from aquifers) from outside the model domain to the model as aquifer recharge by upscaling the recharge calculated for an aquifer in the model set-up (sum of retfrac larger than one). |
| ==== Nutrient processes related to aquifers ==== | ==== Nutrient processes related to aquifers ==== | ||
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| <m> conc = conc * 2 ^ {-ts/decay} </m> | <m> conc = conc * 2 ^ {-ts/decay} </m> | ||
| - | where ts is length of time step in days. | + | where //ts// is length of time step in days. |
| + | |||
| + | ==== Abstraction from aquifers ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Aquifers can be used for abstraction of water. The abstraction is defined through PointSourceData for a subbasin. The water is removed from the aquifer below that subbasin. Water is taken from the aquifer water volume. This means that also water from the passive volume can be removed. | ||
| ==== Links to file reference ==== | ==== Links to file reference ==== | ||
start/hype_model_description/aquifier.1606920502.txt.gz · Last modified: 2023/11/16 14:28 (external edit)
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