User Tools

Site Tools


start:hype_model_description:hype_human_water

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revision Previous revision
Next revision
Previous revision
Next revision Both sides next revision
start:hype_model_description:hype_human_water [2019/03/25 09:47]
cpers [Water transfer]
start:hype_model_description:hype_human_water [2019/11/15 08:53]
cpers [Constructed wetlands with water regulation capability]
Line 1: Line 1:
 ====== Water management ====== ====== Water management ======
  
-===== Constructed wetlands =====+===== Constructed wetlands ​for nutrient retention ​=====
  
 For an overview of basic assumptions and explanation of variables see the [[start:​hype_model_description:​hype_routing&#​basic_assumptions| Basic assumptions section]] in the Rivers and lakes chapter. For an overview of basic assumptions and explanation of variables see the [[start:​hype_model_description:​hype_routing&#​basic_assumptions| Basic assumptions section]] in the Rivers and lakes chapter.
Line 11: Line 11:
 ==== Wetland nutrient processes ==== ==== Wetland nutrient processes ====
  
-In wetlands, retention of inorganic nitrogen is modelled (denitrification). For total phosphorus retention (sedimentation) and production (or release from sediments) of TP are modelled. The rates of these processes are constant coefficients (//​teta//​=1.2,​ //​tkoeff//​=20,​ //​inpar//​=2.3,​ //sedpar//= 0.09, and //​uptpar=//​0.1). The retention is limited to 99.9% of the substance in the wetland. The retention (//retIN, retTP, g/d//) depends on the rate parameter, the concentration in the wetland, wetland area, and for inorganic nitrogen also on 5-day-mean temperature. The production (//prodTP, g/d//) depends on a rate parameter, the concentration of the inflow to the wetland, wetland area, and a temperature function (30-day-mean temperature). ​+In wetlands, retention of inorganic nitrogen is modelled (denitrification). For total phosphorus retention (sedimentation) and production (or release from sediments) of TP are modelled. The rates of these processes are constant coefficients (//​teta//​=1.2,​ //​tkoeff//​=20,​ //​inpar//​=2.3,​ //sedpar//= 0.09, and //​uptpar=//​0.1). The retention is limited to 99.9% of the substance in the wetland. The retention (//retIN, retTP, g/d//) depends on the rate parameter, the concentration in the wetland, wetland area, and for inorganic nitrogen also on 5-day-mean ​air temperature ​(//T5//). The production (//prodTP, g/d//) depends on a rate parameter, the concentration of the inflow to the wetland, wetland area, and a temperature function (30-day-mean ​air temperature, //T30//). The change in TP are divided equally between SP and PP.
  
  
-<m> retIN = inpar * INconc * temp5 * area / 1000. </m>+<m> retIN = inpar * INconc * T5 * area / 1000. </m>
 \\ \\
 <m> retTP = sedpar * TPconc * area </m> <m> retTP = sedpar * TPconc * area </m>
 \\ \\
-<m> prodTP = uptpar * TPin * area * teta^(temp30-tcoeff) </m>+<m> prodTP = uptpar * TPin * area * teta^(T30-tcoeff) </m>
 \\ \\
  
Line 40: Line 40:
  
 Tonderski, K.S., Arhemier, B. and Pers B.C., 2005. Modelling the Impact of Potential Wetlands on Phosphorus Retention in a Swedish Catchment, Ambio, 34(7): 544-551. Tonderski, K.S., Arhemier, B. and Pers B.C., 2005. Modelling the Impact of Potential Wetlands on Phosphorus Retention in a Swedish Catchment, Ambio, 34(7): 544-551.
 +
 +
 +===== Constructed wetlands with water regulation capability =====
 +
 +The wetlands are water classes, but simulated as a land class with special functions. If the soil is over saturated the standing water is the water volume of the wetland (//vol//, m3). If the soil is not over saturated, the wetland is dried out. The wetlands area (//area//, m2) is defined by the class area, and the depth (//w//) varies with flow. A threshold (//w0//) for the wetland outflow above the soil surface keep water in the wetland. The wetland outflow is determined by a rating curve above this threshold (see also [[start:​hype_model_description:​hype_routing#​common_lake_processes | lake outflow]]). The thresholds can be set by parameters or if parameters are not set it is equal to minus the streamdepth (from GeoClass).
 +
 +<m> outflow = k*(w-w0) ^ p </m>
 +
 +There are two types of wetlands; internal wetlands (//iwet//) and wetlands at the outlet of the subbasin (//owet//). Internal wetlands recieve a fraction (//​ifraction//​) of the runoff from other land classes. Outlet wetlands cannot be present in the same subbasin as an outlet lake. They recieve the flow from the main river of the subbasin.
 +
 +==== Wetland nutrient processes ====
 +
 +The concentration of the wetland (//conc//) is the concentration of soil water in soil layer 1. While calculating wetland nutrient processes only the nutrients in the water volume of the wetland in considered though. After that the nutrient concentration of the upper soil layer is updated. ​
 +
 +Denitrification of inorganic nitrogen in the wetland is modelled as [[start:​hype_model_description:​hype_np_soil#​denitrification | denitrification in the soil water]]. Sedimentation of organic nitrogen, particulate phosphorus and suspended sediments are simulated (//sed//, g/d). Uptake of inorganic nutrients (IN and SP) are modelled as macrophyte uptake. The macrophytes are assumed to cover a part of the wetland area (//​fracarea//​). The covered fraction is calculated as the part that is shallower than a production depth (//​proddep//​) assuming the wetland area is decreaseing linear with depth until twice the average depth of the wetland. The macrophytes are assumed to give residuals of equal amount of nutrient back to the sediment (i.e. immobile organic nutrient pools of soillayer one). The macrophyte uptake process (//upt//, g/d) depends on a rate parameter (//​uptpar//​),​ macrophyte fraction of wetland area, temperature (//​tmpfcn//​) and total phosphorus concentration (//​TPfunc//​). The temperature and TP functions are similar to the ones used by [[start:​hype_model_description:​hype_np_riv_lake#​primary_production_and_mineralization | primary production in lakes]]). The temperature function use 5- and 30-day mean air temperature (//T5, T30//). The half saturation concentration of TP is 0.05 mg/L (//​hsatTP//​). The sedimentation is limited to 99.9% of the substance in the wetland water, while macrophytes are limited to 50% of the dissolved inorganic nutrients. ​
 +
 +
 +<m> sed = velpar * area * conc </m>
 +
 +<m> upt = uptpar * tmpfcn * TPfcn * fracarea </m>
 +
 +<m> tmpfcn = (T5 / 20.)^tmppar * {(T5 - T30) / 5.} </m>
 +
 +<m> TPfcn = {TPconc} / {TPconc + hsatTP} </m>
 +
 +<m> fracarea = {proddep / (2*vol/​area)} * area </m>
 +
 +
 +==== Links to file reference ====
 +
 +^Symbol^Parameter/​Data ^File ^
 +|//​ifraction//​|calculated from //​iwetcatch//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​geodata.txt|GeoData.txt]]|
 +|//​w0//​|streamdepth or //​iwet0,​owet0//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​geoclass.txt|GeoClass.txt]] or  [[start:​hype_file_reference:​par.txt|par.txt]]|
 +|//​k//​|calculated from catchment area parameters //wetrate, grata//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​par.txt|par.txt]]|
 +|//​p//​|//​wetexp//​|:::​|
 +|//​velpar//​|//​wlsed//​|:::​|
 +|//​uptpar//​|//​wlmphuptin,​wlmphuptsp//​|:::​|
 +|//​proddep//​|//​wlproddep//​|:::​|
 +|//​tmppar//​|//​wltmpexp//​|:::​|
 +
 +==== Links to relevant modules in the code ====
 +
 +^Modules (file) ^Procedures ^
 +|[[http://​hype.sourceforge.net/​doxy-html/​namespacenpc__surfacewater__processes.html|npc_surfacewater_processes (npc_sw_proc.f90)]] |calculate_wetland_processes |
 +|[[http://​hype.sourceforge.net/​doxy-html/​namespacesurfacewater__processes.html|surfacewater_processes (sw_proc.f90)]] |wetland_watermodel |
 +|:::​|T2_processes_in_wetland|
 +|:::​|get_wetland_threshold|
  
 ===== Irrigation ===== ===== Irrigation =====
Line 267: Line 314:
 The model can handle up to three different types of point sources. They can used to simulate e.g. treatment plants, stormwater outlets, and industrial sources as separate types. All point sources have a constant flow, concentrations of total nitrogen and phosphorus, and fractions of IN and SP for a period of time. The time may be the whole simulation period, or different sources may be active during different parts of the simulation period. Point sources are added to the water in the main river. The model can handle up to three different types of point sources. They can used to simulate e.g. treatment plants, stormwater outlets, and industrial sources as separate types. All point sources have a constant flow, concentrations of total nitrogen and phosphorus, and fractions of IN and SP for a period of time. The time may be the whole simulation period, or different sources may be active during different parts of the simulation period. Point sources are added to the water in the main river.
  
 +==== Sediment point source ====
  
 +Sediment point sources are handled similar to nutrient point sources. A point sources has a constant flow, concentration of total suspended sediment (TS), and fraction of suspended sediments (SS). The point source may be active the whole simulation period, or different sources may be active during different parts of the simulation period. Point sources are added to the water in the main river.
 ==== Tracer T2 (water temperature) point sources ==== ==== Tracer T2 (water temperature) point sources ====
  
Line 285: Line 334:
 ^Section ^Parameter/​Data ^File ^ ^Section ^Parameter/​Data ^File ^
 |Nutrient point sources|//​subid,​ ps_vol, ps_type, ps_tpconc, ps_tnconc, ps_infrac, ps_spfrac, fromdate, todate//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​pointsourcedata.txt|PointSourceData.txt]]| |Nutrient point sources|//​subid,​ ps_vol, ps_type, ps_tpconc, ps_tnconc, ps_infrac, ps_spfrac, fromdate, todate//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​pointsourcedata.txt|PointSourceData.txt]]|
 +|Sediment point sources|//​subid,​ ps_vol, ps_type, ps_tsconc, ps_ssfrac, fromdate, todate//​|:::​|
 |Tracer T2 (water temperature) point sources|//​subid,​ ps_vol, ps_type, ps_t2, fromdate, todate//​|:::​| |Tracer T2 (water temperature) point sources|//​subid,​ ps_vol, ps_type, ps_t2, fromdate, todate//​|:::​|
 |Tracer T1 point sources|//​pstype=0//​|:::​| |Tracer T1 point sources|//​pstype=0//​|:::​|
start/hype_model_description/hype_human_water.txt ยท Last modified: 2024/02/21 09:14 by cpers