start:hype_model_description:hype_land
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start:hype_model_description:hype_land [2018/10/15 14:00] cpers [Links to file reference] |
start:hype_model_description:hype_land [2018/10/16 08:36] cpers [Soil temperature and snow depth] |
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| ==== Infiltration ==== | ==== Infiltration ==== | ||
| - | Infiltration is calculated from the sum of rain and snowmelt (//infilt0//) . | + | Infiltration is calculated from the sum of rain and snowmelt (//infilt0//, mm/time step) . |
| <m> infilt0 = rainfall + melt </m> | <m> infilt0 = rainfall + melt </m> | ||
| Line 195: | Line 195: | ||
| The actual infiltration is calculated by subtracting the macropore flow and surface runoff from the sum of snow melt and rain. | The actual infiltration is calculated by subtracting the macropore flow and surface runoff from the sum of snow melt and rain. | ||
| - | <m> infilt = infilt0 - macroflow – infoverflow </m> | + | <m> infilt = infilt0 - macroflow - infoverflow </m> |
| === Additional infiltration limitation by frozen soil === | === Additional infiltration limitation by frozen soil === | ||
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| ==== Saturated surface runoff ==== | ==== Saturated surface runoff ==== | ||
| - | Surface runoff due to a high ground water table (//satoverflow//) occurs when the water table in the upper soil layer reaches above the surface. It depends on a parameter //srrcs// which is dependent on land use. The recession parameter is corrected with the correction factor //rrcscorr// for different parameter regions (parreg). It is defined as an increase. | + | Surface runoff due to a high ground water table (//q//, mm/time step) occurs when the water table in the upper soil layer reaches above the surface. It depends on a parameter //srrcs// which is dependent on land use. The recession parameter is corrected with the correction factor //rrcscorr// for different parameter regions (parreg). It is defined as an increase. |
| <m> srrcs = srrcs*(1+rrcscorr) </m> | <m> srrcs = srrcs*(1+rrcscorr) </m> | ||
| - | <m> satoverflow = MAX(srrcs * (soil(1)-wp(1)-fc(1)-ep(1)),0.) </m> | + | <m> q = MAX(srrcs * (soil(1)-wp(1)-fc(1)-ep(1)),0.) </m> |
| Runoff is removed from the uppermost soil layer. The total surface runoff (due to high ground water table and low infiltration capacity) is calculated and printed. | Runoff is removed from the uppermost soil layer. The total surface runoff (due to high ground water table and low infiltration capacity) is calculated and printed. | ||
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| ==== Soil temperature and snow depth ==== | ==== Soil temperature and snow depth ==== | ||
| - | Soil layer temperature (//soiltemp//) is calculated as a balance of three temperatures; previous time step soil layer temperature, soil temperature at deep depth (//deeptemp//) and air temperature (//temp//). The weight of the deep soil is constant (0.001), while the weight of the air temperature (//weightair//) depends on snow depth (//snowdepth//) and parameters. The soil memory (//soilmem//) depends on depth and land use, with parameters //surfmem// and //depthrel//. The memory of deep soil temperature is a general parameter (//deepmem//). | + | Soil layer temperature (//soiltemp//) is calculated as a balance of three temperatures; previous time step soil layer temperature, soil temperature at deep depth (//deeptemp//) and air temperature (//T//). The weight of the deep soil is constant (0.001), while the weight of the air temperature (//weightair//) depends on snow depth (//snowdepth//) and parameters. The soil memory (//soilmem//) depends on depth and land use, with parameters //surfmem// and //depthrel//. The memory of deep soil temperature is a general parameter (//deepmem//). |
| <m> soilmem = {lbrace}{ | <m> soilmem = {lbrace}{ | ||
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| <m> weigth_{air}={1}/{soilmem+10*snowdepth} </m> | <m> weigth_{air}={1}/{soilmem+10*snowdepth} </m> | ||
| - | <m> deeptemp=weight_{air}*temp+(1-weight_{air})*deeptemp </m> | + | <m> deeptemp=weight_{air}*T+(1-weight_{air})*deeptemp </m> |
| - | <m> soiltemp=weight_{air}*temp+(1-weight_{air}-weight_{deep} )*soiltemp+weight_{deep}*deeptemp </m> | + | <m> soiltemp=weight_{air}*T+(1-weight_{air}-weight_{deep} )*soiltemp+weight_{deep}*deeptemp </m> |
| In the default snow depth model, snow density (//snowdens//) depends on the snow's age in days (//snowage//). Snow density for fresh snow (//sdnsnew//) and the increase of density with snow age (//snowdensdt//) are general parameters (~ 0.1 and ~0.002). The snow's age increases by one every time step, but are weighted with age (0) for any new snow. | In the default snow depth model, snow density (//snowdens//) depends on the snow's age in days (//snowage//). Snow density for fresh snow (//sdnsnew//) and the increase of density with snow age (//snowdensdt//) are general parameters (~ 0.1 and ~0.002). The snow's age increases by one every time step, but are weighted with age (0) for any new snow. | ||
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| ^Section ^Symbol ^Parameter/Data ^File ^ | ^Section ^Symbol ^Parameter/Data ^File ^ | ||
| |Snow melt|//cmlt, ttmp//|//cmlt, ttmp//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]| | |Snow melt|//cmlt, ttmp//|//cmlt, ttmp//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]| | ||
| - | |:::|//temp//|calculated from|[[start:hype_file_reference:tobs.txt|Tobs.txt]]| | + | |:::|//T//|calculated from|[[start:hype_file_reference:tobs.txt|Tobs.txt]]| |
| |Snow cover|//stdelev//|//elev_std//|[[start:hype_file_reference:geodata.txt|GeoData.txt]]| | |Snow cover|//stdelev//|//elev_std//|[[start:hype_file_reference:geodata.txt|GeoData.txt]]| | ||
| |:::|//fscmax, fscdist0, fscdist1, fsck1, fsckexp//|//fscmax, fscdist0, fscdist1, fsck1, fsckexp//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]| | |:::|//fscmax, fscdist0, fscdist1, fsck1, fsckexp//|//fscmax, fscdist0, fscdist1, fsck1, fsckexp//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]| | ||
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| <m> glac_{vol} = coef*{glac_{area}}^{exp} </m> | <m> glac_{vol} = coef*{glac_{area}}^{exp} </m> | ||
| - | <m> coef = glacvcoef*{e}^{c} </m> | + | <m> coef = coef0*{e}^{c} </m> |
| The initial glacier volume if calculated from class area: | The initial glacier volume if calculated from class area: | ||
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| <m> glac_{area} = ({glac_{vol}*{1/{coef}}})^{1/exp} </m> | <m> glac_{area} = ({glac_{vol}*{1/{coef}}})^{1/exp} </m> | ||
| - | The equation coefficients //coef// and //exp// can have different values for specific glaciers. The first coefficient coef is calculated as the product of //EXP( c)//, where //c// is a glacier volume correction, and a general parameter (//glacvcoef/glacvcoef1//) depending on glacier type. The second coefficient, //exp// is a general parameter (//glacvexp/glacvexp1//) depending on glacier type. Glacier density (//glacdens//) is a general model parameter (m3 water / m3 ice). | + | The equation coefficients //coef// and //exp// can have different values for specific glaciers. The first coefficient coef is calculated as the product of //EXP( c)//, where //c// is a glacier volume correction, and a general parameter (//glacvcoef/glacvcoef1//) depending on glacier type. The second coefficient, //exp// is a general parameter (//glacvexp/glacvexp1//) depending on glacier type. Glacier density (//glacdens//) is a general model parameter (m<sup>3</sup> water / m<sup>3</sup> ice). |
| Glaciers are divided into four types. The default type is mountain glacier, the alternatives are ice cap, ice sheet and infinite glacier. Glacier type is given as input, or determined by the glacier area (a threshold (//glac2arlim//, a general parameter). The glacier area is used to determine the glacier type if it is not given as input and the threshold parameter is set. The glaciers will then be divided into mountain glaciers and ice caps. | Glaciers are divided into four types. The default type is mountain glacier, the alternatives are ice cap, ice sheet and infinite glacier. Glacier type is given as input, or determined by the glacier area (a threshold (//glac2arlim//, a general parameter). The glacier area is used to determine the glacier type if it is not given as input and the threshold parameter is set. The glaciers will then be divided into mountain glaciers and ice caps. | ||
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| |//c//|//logvolcorr//|[[start:hype_file_reference:glacierdata.txt|GlacierData.txt]]| | |//c//|//logvolcorr//|[[start:hype_file_reference:glacierdata.txt|GlacierData.txt]]| | ||
| | |//glactype//|:::| | | |//glactype//|:::| | ||
| - | |//T//|see needed data in [[start:hype_model_description:processes_above_ground#links_to_file_reference|temperature]]| | | + | |//T//|see needed data in [[start:hype_model_description:processes_above_ground#links_to_file_reference|Links for temperature]]| | |
| |//swrad//|calculated or from|[[start:hype_file_reference:swobs.txt|SWobs.txt]]| | |//swrad//|calculated or from|[[start:hype_file_reference:swobs.txt|SWobs.txt]]| | ||
| - | |//cmlt, ttmp//|//glaccmlt, glacttmp//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]| | + | |//coef0//|//glacvcoef// or //glacvcoef1//|[[start:hype_file_reference:par.txt|par.txt]]| |
| + | |//exp//|//glacvexp// or //glacvexp1//|:::| | ||
| + | |//cmlt, ttmp//|//glaccmlt, glacttmp//|:::| | ||
| |//albedo<sub>snow</sub>//|calculated from //snalbmin, snalbmax, snalbkexp//|:::| | |//albedo<sub>snow</sub>//|calculated from //snalbmin, snalbmax, snalbkexp//|:::| | ||
| - | | |//glacalb, glacdens, glac2arlim, cmrad, fepotglac//|:::| | + | | |//glacalb, glacdens, glac2arlim, crefr, cmrad, fepotglac//|:::| |
| ==== Links to relevant procedures in the code ==== | ==== Links to relevant procedures in the code ==== | ||
start/hype_model_description/hype_land.txt · Last modified: 2024/02/21 10:05 by cpers
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