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start:hype_model_description:hype_orgc [2018/10/11 14:13]
cpers [Production of humusC from fastC]
start:hype_model_description:hype_orgc [2019/09/30 09:18]
cpers [Links to file reference]
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 |{{:​start:​hype_model_description:​tocschematicoverview.png?​400|Adds an ImageCaption tag}}| |{{:​start:​hype_model_description:​tocschematicoverview.png?​400|Adds an ImageCaption tag}}|
-|Figure 1: Schematic figure of the TOC-model. |+|Figure 1: Schematic figure of the OC-model. |
  
 ===== Source of organic material ===== ===== Source of organic material =====
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 ==== Production of humusC from fastC ==== ==== Production of humusC from fastC ====
  
-Some of the litter fall (added to fastC) ​is converted into humus. For HYPE this means that fastC (where litter fall was added) is transformed to humusC in the uppermost soil layer. In Figure 2 the pool of humusC is denoted slowC because of its slower transformation rates.+Some of the litter fall is converted into humus. For HYPE this means that fastC (the pool where litter fall was added) is transformed to humusC in the uppermost soil layer. In Figure 2 the pool of humusC is denoted slowC because of its slower transformation rates.
  
 The other soil layers (//k//) also have a transition from fastC to humusC. The loss of fastC does not all end up in the humusC pool, but a proportion (parameter //minc//) is mineralized in the process. The transformation (//​fasttohumus,​ mg/m2/d//) depends on soil moisture (//smfcn//) and temperature (//​tmpfcn//​),​ amount of Oc in the pool (//fastC//) and a vegetation dependent parameter //klh//. The other soil layers (//k//) also have a transition from fastC to humusC. The loss of fastC does not all end up in the humusC pool, but a proportion (parameter //minc//) is mineralized in the process. The transformation (//​fasttohumus,​ mg/m2/d//) depends on soil moisture (//smfcn//) and temperature (//​tmpfcn//​),​ amount of Oc in the pool (//fastC//) and a vegetation dependent parameter //klh//.
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 <m> transfC(k) = klo * tempfcn(k) * smfcn(k) * fastC(k) </m> <m> transfC(k) = klo * tempfcn(k) * smfcn(k) * fastC(k) </m>
  
-In dry conditions a flow in the opposite direction can also occur. The transformation of OC to fastC is a decrease of OC and a source of fastC in all soil layers (//k// = 1-3). The loss of OC is not all to fastC but a proportion (parameter //minc//) is mineralized. Turnover (//​doctofast//,​ mg/m2/d) depends on a general parameter (//kof//) and the pool of OC (//​OCpool//​). The flow is limited that the soil layer temperature must be less than 5 °C, the soil moisture (//sm//) must be less than field capacity and moisture function (//smfcn//) must be less than the parameter //koflim//.+In dry conditions a transfer ​in the opposite direction can also occur. The transformation of OC to fastC is a decrease of OC and a source of fastC in all soil layers (//k// = 1-3). The loss of OC is not all to fastC but a proportion (parameter //minc//) is mineralized. Turnover (//​doctofast//,​ mg/m2/d) depends on a general parameter (//kof//) and the pool of OC (//​OCpool//​). The transfer ​is limited that the soil layer temperature must be less than 5 °C, the soil moisture (//sm//) must be less than field capacity and moisture function (//smfcn//) must be less than the parameter //koflim//.
  
 <m> doctofast(k) = kof * OCpool(k) </m> <m> doctofast(k) = kof * OCpool(k) </m>
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 ==== Turnover of humusC ==== ==== Turnover of humusC ====
  
-Turnover of humusC is a sink for humusC and a source of OC in all soil layers (k = 1.3). The loss of humusC does not all go to the DOC, but a proportion (parameter //minc//) is mineralized. Turnover (//​transhC//,​ //​mg/​m2/​d//​) depends on a general parameter (//kho//), temperature function (//​tempfcn//​),​ humidity function (//smfcn//) and the pool of humusC (//​humusC//​).+Turnover of humusC is a sink for humusC and a source of OC in all soil layers (k = 1.3). The turnover rate of humusC is lower than that of fastC, why it is also called slowC (e.g. in Figure 2). The loss of humusC does not all go to the DOC, but a proportion (parameter //minc//) is mineralized. Turnover (//​transhC//,​ //​mg/​m2/​d//​) depends on a general parameter (//kho//), temperature function (//​tempfcn//​),​ humidity function (//smfcn//) and the pool of humusC (//​humusC//​).
  
 <m> transhC(k) = kho * tempfcn(k) * smfcn(k) * humusC(k) </m> <m> transhC(k) = kho * tempfcn(k) * smfcn(k) * humusC(k) </m>
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 <m> conc = conc*(1 - par*tmpfcn*smfcn) </m> <m> conc = conc*(1 - par*tmpfcn*smfcn) </m>
  
-The soil moisture function and temperature function are the general functions described for soil processes. Percolation uses the coefficients for soil moisture function, not the parameters ​as the transformations. The parameter, //par// in the equation, is called ​//kcgwreg// for regional groundwater flow formation and //koc// for percolation between soil layers. Both are general parameters.+The soil moisture function and temperature function are the general functions described for soil processes. Percolation uses the nutrient ​coefficients for the soil moisture function, not the parameters ​that the OC transformations ​uses. The parameter, //par// in the equation, is //kcgwreg// for regional groundwater flow formation and //koc// for percolation between soil layers. Both are general parameters.
  
 ==== Links to relevant procedures in the code ==== ==== Links to relevant procedures in the code ====
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 ===== Riparian zone ===== ===== Riparian zone =====
  
-Runoff from soil layers ​may flows through a riparian zone before it reaches the local river. Surface runoff and drainage water from drainage pipes reaches the local river without passing through the riparian zone.+Runoff from soil may flows through a riparian zone before it reaches the local river. Surface runoff and drainage water from drainage pipes reaches the local river without passing through the riparian zone.
 In the riparian zone the levels of OC are affected, while flows remain unchanged. The change depends on soil temperature,​ class altitude (//elev// (in masl)), the water table (//gwat//) and its recent change, season and soil moisture (//sm//). The runoff concentration (//​conc(i)//​) of each soillayer (//k//) increases with the factor: In the riparian zone the levels of OC are affected, while flows remain unchanged. The change depends on soil temperature,​ class altitude (//elev// (in masl)), the water table (//gwat//) and its recent change, season and soil moisture (//sm//). The runoff concentration (//​conc(i)//​) of each soillayer (//k//) increases with the factor:
  
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    }{} </m>    }{} </m>
   ​   ​
-The activation of riparian zone processes is based on land use. The land use dependent parameter //ripz// determines the overall level of increase in concentration in the riparian zone, and if set to zero no riparian zone processes are used. In addition two general parameters can influence the effect of the riparian processes; //ripe// which determines the groundwater level dependence, and //rips// which determines the seasonal influence. Season division is determined by ten-day and twenty-day averages of air temperature (T10, T20). Autumn is defined as the period when T10 is less than T20. The soil moisture function is different for an increasing (rising) and sinking ground water table (figure 2). It contains coefficients <​m>​\Theta_{upp} = 0.12</​m>,​ <​m>​\Theta_{low} = 0.08</​m>​ and saturation (//satact// = 0.6). It depends on the soil moisture of all layers together (//sm//) and the water-holding capacity parameters; //wp// - wilting border and //pw// - total pore volume, in fractions of total soil layer thickness (//d//).+The activation of riparian zone processes is based on land use. It is primarily though to act on forest runoff. The land use dependent parameter //ripz// determines the overall level of increase in concentration in the riparian zone, and if set to zero no riparian zone processes are used. In addition two general parameters can influence the effect of the riparian processes; //ripe// which determines the groundwater level dependence, and //rips// which determines the seasonal influence. Season division is determined by ten-day and twenty-day averages of air temperature (T10, T20). Autumn is defined as the period when T10 is less than T20. The soil moisture function is different for an increasing (rising) and sinking ground water table (figure 2). It contains coefficients <​m>​\Theta_{upp} = 0.12</​m>,​ <​m>​\Theta_{low} = 0.08</​m>​ and saturation (//satact// = 0.6). It depends on the soil moisture of all layers together (//sm//) and the water-holding capacity parameters; //wp// - wilting border and //pw// - total pore volume, in fractions of total soil layer thickness (//d//).
    
  
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 ===== Rivers and lakes ===== ===== Rivers and lakes =====
  
 +The initial organic carbon concentration in rivers are assumed to be zero, while the lakes' concentration are set by the user. The parameter //tocmean// is lakeregion dependent, but can also be set for each lake separately. ​
 ==== Primary production and mineralization ==== ==== Primary production and mineralization ====
  
  
-Primary production is a source of organic carbon in rivers and lakes, while mineralization is a sink. Primary production and mineralization is calculated the same way as for nitrogen, but with its own calibration parameter (//​wprodc//​). The potential carbon transformation (//​minprodCpot//,​ kg / day) is proportional to the potential nitrogen transformation (//​minprodNpot//,​ see [[start:​hype_model_description:​hype_np_riv_lake#​primary_production_and_mineralization|NP section]]) with a transformation rate that depends on the carbon-nitrogen ratio (//​NCratio//​ = 5.7). The calculated mineralization of organic carbon is limited to a maximum of 50% of the available OC pool. If phosphorus is not modelled a long-term average total phosphorus concentration as a lake region dependent parameter (//​tpmean//​) is used. If set, the long-term average concentration is reduced by the general parameter //​limsedPP//​ before using it in the concentration function.+Primary production is a source of organic carbon in rivers and lakes, while mineralization is a sink. Primary production and mineralization is calculated the same way as for nitrogen, but with its own calibration parameter (//wprodc//). The equations are repeated below. The production/​mineralization depend on temperature and total phosphorus and lake area (//area//). The potential carbon transformation (//​minprodCpot//,​ kg / day) is proportional to the potential nitrogen transformation (//​minprodNpot//,​ see also  ​[[start:​hype_model_description:​hype_np_riv_lake#​primary_production_and_mineralization|NP section]]) with a transformation rate that depends on the carbon-nitrogen ratio (//​NCratio//​ = 5.7). The calculated mineralization of organic carbon is limited to a maximum of 50% of the available OC pool. If phosphorus is not modelled a long-term average total phosphorus concentration as a lake region dependent parameter (//​tpmean//​) is used. If set, the long-term average concentration is reduced by the general parameter //​limsedPP//​ before using it in the concentration function ​thus reducing the production/​mineralisation of OC.
  
 <m> tmpfcn1 = watertemp / 20. </m> <m> tmpfcn1 = watertemp / 20. </m>
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 ==== Sedimentation ==== ==== Sedimentation ====
  
-Sedimentation in lakes is a sink for OC and works the same way as for organic nitrogen and particulate phosphorus. Sedimentation (//sedOC//, //kg/day//) is calculated as a function of water concentration and lake area (//area//). The parameter //sedoc// is general or can be specified for each lake.+Sedimentation in lakes is a sink for OC and works the same way as for organic nitrogen and particulate phosphorus. Sedimentation (//sedOC//, //kg/day//) is calculated as a function of OC concentration ​in lake water (//​conc//​)) ​and lake area (//area//). The settling velocity ​parameter //sedoc// is general or can be specified for each lake.
  
-<m> sedOC = sedoc * waterconcOC ​* area </​m> ​  +<m> sedOC = sedoc * conc * area </​m> ​  
  
 ==== Links to relevant procedures in the code ==== ==== Links to relevant procedures in the code ====
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 |Sources of organic material| |//​resc//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​cropdata.txt|CropData.txt]]| |Sources of organic material| |//​resc//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​cropdata.txt|CropData.txt]]|
 |:::| |//​litterdays//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​par.txt|par.txt]]| |:::| |//​litterdays//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​par.txt|par.txt]]|
-|Soil processes| |//humusc1////humusc2////humusc3////fastc1////fastc2////fastc3//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​par.txt|par.txt]]|+|Soil processes| |//humusc1, humusc2, humusc3, fastc1, fastc2, fastc3, koflim//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​par.txt|par.txt]]|
 |:::​|<​m>​theta_low</​m>​ |//​ocsoilslp//​ or 0.08|:::| |:::​|<​m>​theta_low</​m>​ |//​ocsoilslp//​ or 0.08|:::|
 |:::​|//​satact//​|//​ocsoilsat//​ or 0.6|:::| |:::​|//​satact//​|//​ocsoilsat//​ or 0.6|:::|
-|:::|//minc////klh////klo////kof////kho//​|//​minc////klh////klo////kof////kho//|:::| +|:::​|//​minc,​ klh, klo, kof, kho//​|//​minc,​ klh, klo, kof, kho//|:::|
-|:::| |//koflim//|:::|+
 |:::​|//​par//​|//​kcgwreg//​ or //​koc//​|:::​| |:::​|//​par//​|//​kcgwreg//​ or //​koc//​|:::​|
 |Riparian zone|//​elev//​|calculated from //​mean_elev//​ and //​dhslc_nn//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​geodata.txt|GeoData.txt]]| |Riparian zone|//​elev//​|calculated from //​mean_elev//​ and //​dhslc_nn//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​geodata.txt|GeoData.txt]]|
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 |:::​|//​pw//​|calculated from //wcwp//, //​wcwp1-wcwp3//,​ //wcfc//, //​wcfc1-wcfc3//,​ //wcep//, //​wcep1-wcep3//​|:::​| |:::​|//​pw//​|calculated from //wcwp//, //​wcwp1-wcwp3//,​ //wcfc//, //​wcfc1-wcfc3//,​ //wcep//, //​wcep1-wcep3//​|:::​|
 |:::|//d// | |[[start:​hype_file_reference:​geoclass.txt|GeoClass.txt]]| |:::|//d// | |[[start:​hype_file_reference:​geoclass.txt|GeoClass.txt]]|
-|Rivers and lakes|//​area//​| |[[start:​hype_file_reference:​geodata.txt|GeoData.txt]]| +|Rivers and lakes|//​area//, //​lakeregion//| |[[start:​hype_file_reference:​geodata.txt|GeoData.txt]]| 
-|:::|//wprodc//, //limsedpp//, //​sedoc//​|//​wprodc//, //limsedpp//, //​sedoc//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​par.txt|par.txt]]|+|:::|//tocmean//, //wprodc//, //​sedoc//​|//​tocmean//, //wprodc//, //sedoc//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​par.txt|par.txt]] or [[start:​hype_file_reference:​lakedata.txt|LakeData.txt]]| 
 +|:::​|//​limsedpp//​|//​limsedpp//​|[[start:​hype_file_reference:​par.txt|par.txt]]|
 |:::| |//​tpmean//​|:::​| |:::| |//​tpmean//​|:::​|
 |:::​|//​halfsatTPwater//​|//​hsatTP//​|:::​| |:::​|//​halfsatTPwater//​|//​hsatTP//​|:::​|
  
start/hype_model_description/hype_orgc.txt · Last modified: 2024/01/25 11:37 (external edit)